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- $Unique_ID{BRK03982}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Mediterranean Fever, Familial}
- $Subject{Mediterranean Fever, Familial Siegel-Cattan-Mamou Syndrome Armenian
- Syndrome Benign Paroxysmal Peritonitis Familial Paroxysmal Polyserositis
- Mediterranean Fever Periodic Amyloid Syndrome Periodic Peritonitis Syndrome
- Recurrent Polyserositis Reimann's Syndrome Reimann Periodic Disease }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1990, 1992 National Organization for Rare Disorders,
- Inc.
-
- 127:
- Mediterranean Fever, Familial
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Familial Mediterranean
- Fever) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Siegel-Cattan-Mamou Syndrome
- Armenian Syndrome
- Benign Paroxysmal Peritonitis
- Familial Paroxysmal Polyserositis
- Mediterranean Fever
- Periodic Amyloid Syndrome
- Periodic Peritonitis Syndrome
- Recurrent Polyserositis
- Reimann's Syndrome
- Reimann Periodic Disease
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section.
-
-
- Familial mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary disorder characterized
- by recurrent bouts of fever and inflammation of the serous membranes, which
- line the inside of the body cavity and the various organs that protrude into
- it. FMF occurs in persons of Armenian, Arabic, or Sephardic Jewish ancestry,
- and affects males more often than females. The disorder has a good prognosis
- in the absence of complications. The causes of Familial Mediterranean Fever
- are not known.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The first symptoms of Familial Mediterranean Fever usually appear between the
- ages of five and fifteen, although onset occasionally occurs in young
- adulthood or early middle age. Attacks recur at intervals of weeks or
- months, and usually last twenty-four to forty-eight hours, although sometimes
- they can last as long as one week. In women, attacks may correspond with
- menstrual periods.
-
- Fever, sometimes severe abdominal and stabbing chest pain (due to
- inflammation of the pleural and peritoneal membranes), and occasionally,
- arthritis and skin lesions, characterize the attacks. The patient may feel
- unable to breathe deeply because of pain (pleurisy). Pain occurs in the
- larger joints and lasts 2 to 3 days. Skin lesions consist of painful,
- reddish, swollen areas, usually on the lower legs.
-
- A major complication of Familial Mediterranean Fever is amyloidosis
- particularly affecting the kidneys. (For more information on Amyloidosis,
- choose "amyloidosis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.) This
- can lead to kidney failure. In the United States, drug addiction is an
- important complication, usually resulting from the use of narcotics to
- alleviate pain during attacks.
-
- Causes
-
- Familial Mediterranean Fever is inherited through an autosomal recessive
- mechanism. (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the
- product of the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from
- the father and one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the condition
- does not appear unless a person inherits the same defective gene from each
- parent. If one receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the
- person will be a carrier for the disease, but usually will show no symptoms.
- The risk of transmitting the disease to the children of a couple, both of
- whom are carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty
- percent of their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above.
- Twenty-five percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one
- from each parent and will be genetically normal.)
-
- Scientists have located the gene that results in the development of
- Familial Mediterranean Fever in non-Ashkanazi Jews on the short arm of
- chromosome 16.
-
- The biochemical or structural defect in this disease is not known.
- Inherited metabolic or endocrine defects are possibilities.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Familial Mediterranean Fever preferentially affects persons of Armenian,
- Arabic, or Sephardic Jewish ancestry. More males than females are affected.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Colchicine prevents attacks for reasons that are not understood. In larger
- quantities, it stops attacks that are already in progress. Narcotics should
- not be used routinely to control pain because of the possibility of drug
- addiction. Surgery is of no benefit. When amyloidosis has destroyed the
- kidneys, renal transplantation or renal dialysis may be necessary.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through June
- 1992. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Familial Mediterranean Fever, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive & Kidney Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box NDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-2162
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Eds.: W. B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 147, 795, 1196-9.
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 255.
-
-